Chulalongkorn University
Chulalongkorn University is Thailand's oldest public research university, founded in 1917 in Bangkok. Its programmable footprint is small, real, and almost entirely undeclared: there is no developer portal, no open data portal, no published specification of any kind, and no self-service registration anywhere in the estate. What it does operate are two genuine institution-run surfaces. Chula SSO at account.it.chula.ac.th has been in production since January 2017 and is documented endpoint-by-endpoint on a public wiki — a modified CAS 1.0 protocol with an added application-authentication step, backed by the university LDAP directory, with keys issued by email rather than by a console. The Office of the Registrar's CU-REG Course Schedule application answers unauthenticated JSON at cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/api for its curriculum register and build version, though the thirteen further endpoints its own client declares return 404 from outside the campus network. Everything else that looks like a Chulalongkorn API belongs to somebody else: Chula Digital Collections, which serves the university's only working OAI-PMH endpoint, is a bepress Digital Commons tenancy (digital.car.chula.ac.th is a CNAME to dcchula.bepress.com, adminEmail dc-support@elsevier.com); federated login is a Microsoft Entra ID tenant; DOIs are registered through DataCite and, faculty by faculty, through eleven separate Crossref member records. The institution's own DigiVerse repository publishes no machine-readable interface at all, and the previously recorded claim that it is a DSpace deployment exposing DSpace REST and OAI-PMH does not survive probing. The central data exchange, CU Data Gateway, is restricted to assigned university personnel and unreachable from outside the campus network.
Chulalongkorn University publishes 2 APIs on the APIs.io network: Chula SSO Authentication API and CU-REG Course Schedule API. Tagged areas include Education, Higher Education, University, Research, and Thailand.
The Chulalongkorn University catalog on APIs.io includes 1 JSON-LD context.
Chulalongkorn University’s developer surface includes API reference, documentation, authentication, support, GitHub presence, and 14 more developer resources.
2 APIs
Individual APIs this provider publishes, each with its own machine-readable definition.
Published pricing tiers and plan structures.
Documented rate limits and quota policies.
Cost, billing, and metering signals for API financial operations.
JSON-LD contexts and semantic vocabularies used across these APIs.
Standalone JSON Schema definitions for this provider's data models.
Example request and response payloads for these APIs.
Authentication, domain security, vulnerability disclosure, and trust-center signals.
aid: chulalongkorn
name: Chulalongkorn University
description: 'Chulalongkorn University is Thailand''s oldest public research university, founded in 1917 in Bangkok. Its programmable
footprint is small, real, and almost entirely undeclared: there is no developer portal, no open data portal, no published
specification of any kind, and no self-service registration anywhere in the estate. What it does operate are two genuine
institution-run surfaces. Chula SSO at account.it.chula.ac.th has been in production since January 2017 and is documented
endpoint-by-endpoint on a public wiki — a modified CAS 1.0 protocol with an added application-authentication step, backed
by the university LDAP directory, with keys issued by email rather than by a console. The Office of the Registrar''s CU-REG
Course Schedule application answers unauthenticated JSON at cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/api for its curriculum register and
build version, though the thirteen further endpoints its own client declares return 404 from outside the campus network.
Everything else that looks like a Chulalongkorn API belongs to somebody else: Chula Digital Collections, which serves the
university''s only working OAI-PMH endpoint, is a bepress Digital Commons tenancy (digital.car.chula.ac.th is a CNAME to
dcchula.bepress.com, adminEmail dc-support@elsevier.com); federated login is a Microsoft Entra ID tenant; DOIs are registered
through DataCite and, faculty by faculty, through eleven separate Crossref member records. The institution''s own DigiVerse
repository publishes no machine-readable interface at all, and the previously recorded claim that it is a DSpace deployment
exposing DSpace REST and OAI-PMH does not survive probing. The central data exchange, CU Data Gateway, is restricted to
assigned university personnel and unreachable from outside the campus network.'
type: Index
deliveryModel:
model: saas
open_source: false
commercial: false
callable_host: true
label: Hosted service · you call their endpoint
confidence: medium
source:
- probe
- documentation
generated: '2026-09-01'
method: probed
accessModel:
pricing: free
onboarding: manual
trial: false
try_now: false
public: partial
label: Free · course data open, SSO keys issued by email on request
confidence: high
source:
- probe
- documentation
- authentication
generated: '2026-09-01'
method: probed
position: Consuming
access: 3rd-Party
image: https://kinlane-images.s3.amazonaws.com/shared/apis-json/icons/chulalongkorn.png
url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api-evangelist/chulalongkorn/refs/heads/main/apis.yml
tags:
- Education
- Higher Education
- University
- Research
- Thailand
- Bangkok
- Identity Federation
- Single Sign-On
- Course Catalog
- Research Repository
- Library
- Open Access
- OAI-PMH
created: '2026-06-03'
modified: '2026-09-01'
specificationVersion: '0.23'
apis:
- aid: chulalongkorn:sso
name: Chula SSO Authentication API
description: 'The university''s own single sign-on service, in production at account.it.chula.ac.th since January 2017 and
originally built as part of the 2015 CU DataGateway project. The protocol is a modified CAS 1.0 flow with an application-authentication
step layered on top: a relying application presents a DeeAppId / DeeAppSecret pair alongside the user''s ticket, so the
SSO controls which applications may authenticate a Chula ID, and users never hand credentials to the relying application.
The public wiki documents /login, /logout and /serviceValidation with their parameters, headers and JSON response bodies
— unusually complete prose for this cohort. What it does not do is publish a machine-readable contract or offer self-service
registration: keys are requested by email from the architect named on the wiki. The OpenAPI recorded here is an API Evangelist
transcription of that page, marked derived, not something the university published.'
humanURL: https://account.it.chula.ac.th/wiki/doku.php
baseURL: https://account.it.chula.ac.th/
tags:
- Identity
- Single Sign-On
- Authentication
- CAS
- Education
properties:
- type: Documentation
url: https://account.it.chula.ac.th/wiki/doku.php
- type: APIReference
url: https://account.it.chula.ac.th/wiki/doku.php?id=how_does_it_work
- type: OpenAPI
url: openapi/chulalongkorn-sso-openapi.yml
- type: JSONSchema
url: json-schema/chulalongkorn-sso-user-schema.json
- type: Examples
url: examples/chulalongkorn-sso-servicevalidation-example.json
- type: Authentication
url: authentication/chulalongkorn-authentication.yml
- type: SourceCode
url: https://github.com/krerk/ChulaSSO.Android
x-operator: institution
x-operator-basis: account.it.chula.ac.th resolves to 161.200.194.26, inside Chulalongkorn's own 161.200.0.0 allocation,
with no CNAME off university infrastructure. The wiki names the university's own architect and the university LDAP directory
as the backend. Designed, built and run by the institution.
- aid: chulalongkorn:course-schedule
name: CU-REG Course Schedule API
description: The read-only JSON backend behind CU-REG Course Schedule, the Office of the Registrar's public course, curriculum
and timetable browser. Two endpoints answer HTTP 200 to an unauthenticated request from outside the campus network — /course-studies,
which returns the curriculum register with degree and major names in Thai and English, credit totals and offering windows,
and /version. The Angular client declares thirteen further endpoints against the same base (/course, /course-detail, /faculty,
/instructor, /exam-date and others); all thirteen returned 404 on probe, and they are recorded as observations in the
OpenAPI rather than promoted to a contract that cannot be demonstrated. No key, no token, no published rate limit, no
terms of use. A bare GET on the base /class/api issues a 301 to http://cas.reg.chula.ac.th:8080/class/api/, leaking the
origin port and downgrading to plain HTTP.
humanURL: https://cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/course-schedule
baseURL: https://cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/api
tags:
- Course Catalog
- Curriculum
- Registrar
- Student Systems
- Education
properties:
- type: CourseCatalog
url: https://cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/course-schedule
- type: OpenAPI
url: openapi/chulalongkorn-course-schedule-openapi.yml
- type: JSONSchema
url: json-schema/chulalongkorn-course-study-schema.json
- type: Examples
url: examples/chulalongkorn-course-studies-example.json
x-operator: institution
x-operator-basis: cas.reg.chula.ac.th is the Office of the Registrar's own host under chula.ac.th; www.reg.chula.ac.th resolves
via cloud.reg.chula.ac.th to 161.200.133.239, in Chulalongkorn's own allocation. The application, its build stamp and
its data are the registrar's; no vendor host, CNAME or contact appears anywhere in the client bundle or the responses.
- aid: chulalongkorn:digiverse
name: Chula DigiVerse — Institutional Digital Repository
description: 'The university''s digital preservation platform for theses, dissertations, rare books, multimedia and digitised
manuscripts, operated by the Office of Academic Resources. cuir.car.chula.ac.th, the legacy CUIR host, now redirects here.
It is institution-hosted: digiverse.chula.ac.th resolves directly to 161.200.145.7, in the same university block as car.chula.ac.th,
with no CNAME to any vendor. It publishes no machine-readable interface. A prior profile recorded DigiVerse as a DSpace
deployment exposing DSpace REST at /server/api and OAI-PMH at /server/oai — that is corrected here: the application is
a PHP/AngularJS stack (nginx, PHPSESSID, CodeIgniter 404 pages) and /server/api, /rest/api, /api/, /digital/api/ and both
OAI-PMH paths all return 404. Its own robots.txt disallows /api/ and /digital/api/, so an API layer exists behind the
application; none of it is publicly reachable or documented.'
humanURL: https://digiverse.chula.ac.th/
tags:
- Institutional Repository
- Research Repository
- Digital Preservation
- Open Access
- Education
properties:
- type: ResearchRepository
url: https://digiverse.chula.ac.th/
- type: Sitemap
url: https://digiverse.chula.ac.th/sitemap.xml
x-operator: institution
x-operator-basis: digiverse.chula.ac.th → 161.200.145.7, Chulalongkorn's own address space, no CNAME. The platform's shared
assets (cookieconsent-cmu, sbs-directive.js, chartSBS.js) suggest a Thai digital-library product reused across institutions
rather than software the university wrote, but there is no published contract to attribute either way — so this is recorded
as an institution-operated surface with no institution-published contract.
- aid: chulalongkorn:digital-collections
name: Chula Digital Collections (bepress Digital Commons tenant)
description: The university's open-access journals, theses and ETD platform, and the only working OAI-PMH endpoint in the
estate. The Identify response names "Chula Digital Collections", ListSets returns 30 sets including Chulalongkorn University
Theses and Dissertations and a dozen university journals, and ListMetadataFormats offers nine prefixes including oai_etdms
and oai_openaire. The content, the sets, the DOIs and the collection policy are Chulalongkorn's. The protocol implementation,
the platform and the contract are bepress Digital Commons's, now Elsevier's — recorded as a tenant relationship, with
the vendor's generic specification deliberately not saved under this institution.
humanURL: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/
baseURL: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/do/oai/
tags:
- Research Repository
- Open Access
- OAI-PMH
- ETD
- Journals
properties:
- type: ResearchRepository
url: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/
- type: OAIPMH
url: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/do/oai/?verb=Identify
- type: Metadata
url: oai-pmh/chulalongkorn-digital-collections-oai-identify.xml
- type: Conformance
url: conformance/chulalongkorn-conformance.yml
x-operator: tenant
x-operator-basis: digital.car.chula.ac.th is a CNAME to dcchula.bepress.com (203.22.241.42/43), fronted by Cloudflare, and
the OAI-PMH Identify response gives adminEmail dc-support@elsevier.com. An institution hostname on a vendor platform with
an institution-specific account name — the CNAME-tenancy class a hostname-only verdict cannot see. Corroborated independently
by Crossref member 36263, "Office of Academic Resources, Chulalongkorn University - DIGITAL COMMONS JOURNALS".
- aid: chulalongkorn:entra-federation
name: Chulalongkorn University Identity Federation (Microsoft Entra ID tenant)
description: 'The university''s cloud identity, and the most complete machine-readable contract anywhere in this profile.
Entra tenant 271d5e7b-1350-4b96-ab84-52dbda4cf40c carries the federation brand name "Chulalongkorn University" and is
authoritative as a Managed namespace for both chula.ac.th and student.chula.ac.th. Its OpenID Connect discovery document
and its signed SAML 2.0 federation metadata both resolve HTTP 200 without credentials. Two negatives were probed rather
than assumed: Chulalongkorn has no entity in eduGAIN — a full pull of 10,616 eduGAIN entities returned zero matches —
and no Shibboleth identity provider resolves under chula.ac.th.'
humanURL: https://login.microsoftonline.com/chula.ac.th/v2.0/.well-known/openid-configuration
baseURL: https://login.microsoftonline.com/271d5e7b-1350-4b96-ab84-52dbda4cf40c/v2.0/.well-known/openid-configuration
tags:
- Identity Federation
- SAML
- OpenID Connect
- Single Sign-On
properties:
- type: IdentityFederation
url: identity-federation/chulalongkorn-identity-federation.yml
- type: Metadata
url: identity-federation/chulalongkorn-entra-saml-metadata.xml
- type: OpenIDConfiguration
url: identity-federation/chulalongkorn-entra-openid-configuration.json
- type: Authentication
url: authentication/chulalongkorn-authentication.yml
x-operator: federation
x-operator-basis: A shared identity platform carrying the institution's own tenant, domains, brand and attribute policy
— the federation class the university pipeline contract names explicitly. Microsoft operates the endpoints; the identity
is Chulalongkorn's. Verified via getuserrealm for both chula.ac.th and student.chula.ac.th (State 4, NameSpaceType Managed,
FederationBrandName "Chulalongkorn University").
- aid: chulalongkorn:datacite
name: DataCite Membership (consortium organization lygd)
description: Chulalongkorn University is a DataCite consortium organization, provider id lygd, country TH, with one registered
repository — lygd.aguxul, "Chula Digiverse", pointing at digiverse.chula.ac.th. This is a membership and a fact about
the institution, not a contract it operates. The DataCite API is a registry shared by every member; its specification
is deliberately not saved under this institution, and the membership is deliberately not deleted to tidy up a shared host.
humanURL: https://api.datacite.org/providers/lygd
baseURL: https://api.datacite.org/providers/lygd
tags:
- DOI
- Persistent Identifiers
- Research Data
- Registry
properties:
- type: Registry
url: https://api.datacite.org/providers/lygd
- type: Conformance
url: conformance/chulalongkorn-conformance.yml
x-operator: registry
x-operator-basis: An identifier registry the institution is registered in. api.datacite.org is shared because DOI registration
is shared; the membership record lygd names Chulalongkorn University specifically.
- aid: chulalongkorn:crossref
name: Crossref Membership (eleven faculty and institute member records)
description: 'Chulalongkorn registers Crossref DOIs through eleven separate member records, one per faculty, institute or
office, each with its own prefix — Engineering 10.4186, Medicine 10.5372, Architecture 10.54028, Economics 10.65681, Political
Science 10.61462, Fine and Applied Arts 10.56841, the Language Institute 10.66947, the Sustainable Environment Research
Institute 10.35762, the Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute 10.55713, and the Office of Academic Resources
twice (10.58837 and 10.56808, the latter explicitly for its Digital Commons journals). The fragmentation is the finding:
the university is a federation of buyers even in its own identifier registration.'
humanURL: https://www.crossref.org/
baseURL: https://api.crossref.org/members?query=chulalongkorn
tags:
- DOI
- Persistent Identifiers
- Scholarly Publishing
- Registry
properties:
- type: Registry
url: https://api.crossref.org/members?query=chulalongkorn
- type: Conformance
url: conformance/chulalongkorn-conformance.yml
x-operator: registry
x-operator-basis: An identifier registry the institution is registered in, eleven times over. The registry contract is Crossref's;
the memberships and prefixes are Chulalongkorn's.
- aid: chulalongkorn:ror
name: ROR Registration (https://ror.org/028wp3y58)
description: Chulalongkorn University's Research Organization Registry record, carrying the Thai and English names, the
acronym CU, ten Crossref Funder IDs, GRID grid.7922.e, ISNI 0000 0001 0244 7875 and Wikidata Q855730. The canonical machine-readable
identifier for the institution as an entity, and the join key every other registry in this profile resolves against.
humanURL: https://ror.org/028wp3y58
baseURL: https://api.ror.org/v2/organizations/https://ror.org/028wp3y58
tags:
- Persistent Identifiers
- Organization Identifiers
- Registry
properties:
- type: Registry
url: https://api.ror.org/v2/organizations/https://ror.org/028wp3y58
x-operator: registry
x-operator-basis: An organization registry the institution is registered in. ROR operates the API; the record describes
Chulalongkorn.
- aid: chulalongkorn:library-discovery
name: Chula Library Discovery (EBSCO tenant)
description: The Office of Academic Resources fronts its licensed-content discovery through EBSCO, under the named customer
account chulalun. The links published on car.chula.ac.th carry that account explicitly (publications.ebsco.com?custId=chulalun,
search.ebscohost.com with authtype=ip). A real institutional tenancy; the discovery contract and its APIs are EBSCO's
and are documented by EBSCO, not by the university.
humanURL: https://www.car.chula.ac.th/
baseURL: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=ip
tags:
- Library
- Discovery
- Catalog
properties:
- type: LibraryCatalog
url: https://www.car.chula.ac.th/
x-operator: tenant
x-operator-basis: Institution-published links carrying an institution-specific EBSCO customer id (custId=chulalun) on shared
vendor hosts (publications.ebsco.com, search.ebscohost.com). Named scope on a vendor platform — a tenant relationship,
not a Chulalongkorn contract.
- aid: chulalongkorn:data-gateway
name: CU Data Gateway
description: The university's central data exchange, consolidating and sharing data across departments in two connection
modes — batch over SFTP and online over an API. Access is limited to officially assigned university personnel; there is
no public sign-up and no public developer documentation. The portal host datagateway.chula.ac.th resolves to 161.200.135.7
but does not answer from outside the campus network, and the service page on www.it.chula.ac.th is intercepted by an Imperva
bot challenge on every request. Recorded as an institution-operated surface with no reachable contract — this is the system
Chula SSO was originally built for.
humanURL: https://www.it.chula.ac.th/service/data-gateway/
tags:
- Data
- Data Exchange
- Restricted
- Education
properties:
- type: Documentation
url: https://www.it.chula.ac.th/service/data-gateway/
x-operator: institution
x-operator-basis: datagateway.chula.ac.th → 161.200.135.7, Chulalongkorn's own address space. The service is described on
the university's own IT service pages and is operated by the Office of Information Technology.
common:
- type: Website
url: https://www.chula.ac.th/en/
- type: APIReference
url: https://account.it.chula.ac.th/wiki/doku.php?id=how_does_it_work
- type: Documentation
url: https://account.it.chula.ac.th/wiki/doku.php
- type: CourseCatalog
url: https://cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/course-schedule
- type: ResearchRepository
url: https://digiverse.chula.ac.th/
- type: LibraryCatalog
url: https://www.car.chula.ac.th/
- type: IdentityFederation
url: identity-federation/chulalongkorn-identity-federation.yml
- type: Conformance
url: conformance/chulalongkorn-conformance.yml
- type: Authentication
url: authentication/chulalongkorn-authentication.yml
- type: AIPolicy
url: https://www.chula.ac.th/en/news/125190/
- type: AITooling
url: https://genie.chula.ac.th/
- type: Support
url: https://portal.it.chula.ac.th/home
- type: GitHub
url: https://github.com/ChulalongkornUniversity
- type: LinkedIn
url: https://www.linkedin.com/school/chulalongkorn-university/
- type: DomainSecurity
url: security/chulalongkorn-domain-security.yml
- type: Plans
url: plans/chulalongkorn-plans-pricing.yml
- type: RateLimits
url: rate-limits/chulalongkorn-rate-limits.yml
- type: FinOps
url: finops/chulalongkorn-finops.yml
- type: Review
url: review.yml
maintainers:
- FN: Kin Lane
email: kin@apievangelist.com
x-type: university
x-category: Public Research University
x-coverage:
state: covered
reason: covered
detail: 'Two institution-operated API surfaces were found, probed and contracted. Chula SSO (account.it.chula.ac.th, 161.200.194.26,
no CNAME) documents /login, /logout and /serviceValidation with parameters, headers and JSON bodies on a public wiki,
and the CU-REG Course Schedule backend (cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/api) returns unauthenticated JSON for its curriculum
register. Neither is published as a machine-readable contract by the university; both OpenAPIs here are API Evangelist
work, marked derived and probed respectively, and neither is credited to the institution as something it published.
The registrar API is honestly partial: thirteen of the fifteen endpoints its own client declares return 404 to an external
unauthenticated caller, and that gap is recorded in the spec under x-client-declared-endpoints rather than papered over.
One correction was made. The previous profile recorded the DigiVerse repository as a DSpace deployment exposing DSpace
REST at /server/api and OAI-PMH — a claim that does not survive probing. DigiVerse is a PHP/AngularJS application and
every one of those paths returns 404. The dead baseURL has been removed. The estate''s only working OAI-PMH endpoint is
at digital.car.chula.ac.th, which is a CNAME to dcchula.bepress.com with adminEmail dc-support@elsevier.com — a bepress
Digital Commons tenancy, recorded as a tenant relationship rather than as a Chulalongkorn contract.
Four surfaces are relationships rather than contracts and are recorded as such: a Microsoft Entra ID federation tenant,
a DataCite consortium membership, eleven Crossref member records, and a ROR registration. None of their specifications
is saved here and none of the relationships was deleted.
What genuinely does not exist: no developer portal (api., developer., data. and opendata.chula.ac.th do not resolve),
no open data portal, no llms.txt, no security.txt, no OpenAPI published by the university, no OAuth or OIDC authorization
server offered to third parties, no self-service registration, no published rate limits, and no eduGAIN or Shibboleth
presence. Three university hosts — www.chula.ac.th, www.it.chula.ac.th and lms.chula.ac.th — sit behind Imperva and answer
a 212-byte Incapsula challenge to non-browser clients even with full browser headers; that is a limit on our probe, not
a finding about the university, and those hosts are graded live.'
assessed: '2026-09-01'
method: probed
evidence:
- url: https://account.it.chula.ac.th/wiki/doku.php?id=how_does_it_work
status: 200
- url: https://cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/api/course-studies
status: 200
- url: https://cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/api/version
status: 200
- url: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/do/oai/?verb=Identify
status: 200
- url: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/do/oai/?verb=ListSets
status: 200
- url: https://login.microsoftonline.com/chula.ac.th/v2.0/.well-known/openid-configuration
status: 200
- url: https://login.microsoftonline.com/271d5e7b-1350-4b96-ab84-52dbda4cf40c/federationmetadata/2007-06/federationmetadata.xml
status: 200
- url: https://api.datacite.org/providers/lygd
status: 200
- url: https://api.crossref.org/members?query=chulalongkorn
status: 200
- url: https://api.ror.org/v2/organizations/https://ror.org/028wp3y58
status: 200
- url: https://digiverse.chula.ac.th/
status: 200
- url: https://www.car.chula.ac.th/
status: 200
- url: https://cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/course-schedule
status: 200
- url: https://www.reg.chula.ac.th/
status: 200
- url: https://genie.chula.ac.th/
status: 200
- url: https://portal.it.chula.ac.th/home
status: 200
- url: https://www.chula.ac.th/en/news/125190/
status: 200
- url: https://github.com/ChulalongkornUniversity
status: 200
- url: https://www.chula.ac.th/en/
status: 200
- url: https://www.it.chula.ac.th/service/data-gateway/
status: 200
- url: https://cas.reg.chula.ac.th/class/api/faculty
status: 404
- url: https://digiverse.chula.ac.th/server/api
status: 404
- url: https://digiverse.chula.ac.th/server/oai/request?verb=Identify
status: 404
- url: https://digiverse.chula.ac.th/digital/api/
status: 404
- url: https://www.chula.ac.th/llms.txt
status: 404
- url: https://www.chula.ac.th/.well-known/security.txt
status: 404
- url: https://datagateway.chula.ac.th/
status: 0
- url: https://data.chula.ac.th/
status: 0
- url: https://api.chula.ac.th/
status: 0
- url: https://cuir.chula.ac.th/
status: 0
x-enrichment:
pipeline: pipeline-university.md
run: '2026-09-01'
notes: Re-profiled under the university pipeline's operator axis. Every surface now carries an x-operator and an x-operator-basis.
Two institution-operated contracts were derived and saved; one vendor tenancy invisible to a hostname verdict (bepress
via CNAME) was found and recorded as a relationship; one false DSpace/OAI-PMH claim and one dead baseURL were removed.
Every provider here is available over the APIs.io API and to AI agents over MCP.
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