Seoul National University (SNU) is South Korea's flagship national research university, a national university corporation in Seoul ranked in the QS World top 40 and identified by ROR as https://ror.org/04h9pn542. Like most universities it is a federation of buyers rather than a producer of APIs: it operates no developer portal, no open-data portal, no API gateway, no official GitHub organization, and no OAuth or OIDC authorization server. It publishes no API documentation of any kind, and every contract in this repository was written from live probing rather than from something SNU wrote. What it does operate — verified on its own hosts and its own address block on 2026-08-19 — is four machine-readable surfaces. Two OAI-PMH 2.0 data providers: S-Space, the SNU Open Repository and Archive (DSpace 5.5, content from 2008, twelve metadata formats, 100+ sets, three harvesting contexts including OpenAIRE and DRIVER), and KOSSDA, the Korea Social Science Data Archive (DSpace 5.6, content from 2017). An OpenSearch 1.1 search interface over S-Space. And a SAML 2.0 Identity Provider, entityID https://kafegw.snu.ac.kr/idp/simplesamlphp, registered in the KAFE national federation and exported into eduGAIN with REFEDS Research & Scholarship support and a Sirtfi assurance assertion — the single most consequential programmable surface the institution runs, and one no catalog had recorded. Two honest limits belong in the same breath. The repository hosts front everything except OAI-PMH with a JavaScript bot challenge that returns HTTP 200 and an HTML shell to any machine client, so the OpenSearch interface is gated rather than open. And SNU's library discovery runs on Ex Libris Alma and Primo under institution code 82SNU — real, but a tenancy, recorded below as such and never scored as SNU's engineering.
Seoul National University publishes 3 APIs on the APIs.io network: S-Space OAI-PMH Repository Interface, KOSSDA OAI-PMH Repository Interface, and S-Space OpenSearch Interface. Tagged areas include University, Higher Education, Education, South Korea, and Research.
The Seoul National University catalog on APIs.io includes 1 JSON-LD context and 1 Spectral governance ruleset.
Seoul National University’s developer surface includes support, authentication, and 22 more developer resources.
Regulatory Posture applies to this provider. Its tags matched the
Education & Research regime, so
Regulatory Posture carries 15 points of the composite.
If this regime is wrong for your business, say so on your
provider repo — the
applicability map is public and we will correct it.
The six quality facets above are damped to 85 points between them,
because the conditional facet above carries the other
15. That is why each facet's contribution is shown against a damped
maximum: raising a quality facet moves the composite by 85% of its nominal
weight, not 100%. The full arithmetic is at apis.io/rating/.
OAI-PMH 2.0 metadata harvesting for S-Space, the SNU Open Repository and Archive. Verified live and anonymous on 2026-08-19: repositoryName "SNU Open Repository and Archive", re...
OAI-PMH 2.0 metadata harvesting for KOSSDA (한국사회과학자료원), the Korea Social Science Data Archive at Seoul National University — SNU's social-science research data archive, listed i...
SNU's federated identity provider, entityID https://kafegw.snu.ac.kr/idp/simplesamlphp, registered by the Korea Access Federation (registrationAuthority http://kafe.kreonet.net,...
OpenSearch 1.1 search over the SNU Open Repository and Archive. A description document is served at /open-search/description.xml as application/opensearchdescription+xml with Lo...
Seoul National University Library runs library management and discovery on Ex Libris Alma and Primo, institution code 82SNU / 82SNU_INST, on the institution-specific host snu-pr...
aid: snu
name: Seoul National University
x-type: university
x-category: Public Research University
description: 'Seoul National University (SNU) is South Korea''s flagship national research university, a national university
corporation in Seoul ranked in the QS World top 40 and identified by ROR as https://ror.org/04h9pn542. Like most universities
it is a federation of buyers rather than a producer of APIs: it operates no developer portal, no open-data portal, no API
gateway, no official GitHub organization, and no OAuth or OIDC authorization server. It publishes no API documentation of
any kind, and every contract in this repository was written from live probing rather than from something SNU wrote.
What it does operate — verified on its own hosts and its own address block on 2026-08-19 — is four machine-readable surfaces.
Two OAI-PMH 2.0 data providers: S-Space, the SNU Open Repository and Archive (DSpace 5.5, content from 2008, twelve metadata
formats, 100+ sets, three harvesting contexts including OpenAIRE and DRIVER), and KOSSDA, the Korea Social Science Data
Archive (DSpace 5.6, content from 2017). An OpenSearch 1.1 search interface over S-Space. And a SAML 2.0 Identity Provider,
entityID https://kafegw.snu.ac.kr/idp/simplesamlphp, registered in the KAFE national federation and exported into eduGAIN
with REFEDS Research & Scholarship support and a Sirtfi assurance assertion — the single most consequential programmable
surface the institution runs, and one no catalog had recorded.
Two honest limits belong in the same breath. The repository hosts front everything except OAI-PMH with a JavaScript bot
challenge that returns HTTP 200 and an HTML shell to any machine client, so the OpenSearch interface is gated rather than
open. And SNU''s library discovery runs on Ex Libris Alma and Primo under institution code 82SNU — real, but a tenancy,
recorded below as such and never scored as SNU''s engineering.'
type: Index
accessModel:
pricing: free
onboarding: none
trial: false
try_now: false
public: true
label: Free
confidence: high
source:
- probed
generated: '2026-08-19'
method: probed
position: Consumer
access: 3rd-Party
image: https://kinlane-images.s3.amazonaws.com/shared/apis-json/icons/snu.png
url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api-evangelist/snu/refs/heads/main/apis.yml
tags:
- University
- Higher Education
- Education
- South Korea
- Research
- Research Data
- Institutional Repository
- Research Repository
- Identity Federation
- OAI-PMH
- SAML
- Open Access
- Library
- National University
created: '2026-06-03'
modified: '2026-08-19'
specificationVersion: '0.23'
apis:
- aid: snu:s-space-oai-pmh
name: S-Space OAI-PMH Repository Interface
x-operator: institution
description: 'OAI-PMH 2.0 metadata harvesting for S-Space, the SNU Open Repository and Archive. Verified live and anonymous
on 2026-08-19: repositoryName "SNU Open Repository and Archive", repositoryIdentifier s-space.snu.ac.kr, adminEmail s-space@snu.ac.kr,
earliestDatestamp 2008-07-31T15:00:00Z, granularity YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ, deletedRecord transient. Twelve metadata formats
(oai_dc, qdc, mods, mets, marc, rdf, didl, ore, uketd_dc, xoai, dim, etdms) and over 100 sets. Three harvesting contexts:
the default /oai/request, DRIVER at /oai/driver, and OpenAIRE at /oai/openaire. Runs DSpace 5.5 on 147.46.181.99, inside
SNU''s own address block. The OAI paths are deliberately exempted from the site''s JavaScript bot challenge, so a harvester
without a browser reaches them directly. No OpenAPI is published by SNU; the contract here was probed.'
humanURL: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/
baseURL: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/request
tags:
- OAI-PMH
- Institutional Repository
- DSpace
- Open Access
- Research
- Metadata Harvesting
properties:
- type: OpenAPI
url: openapi/snu-s-space-oai-pmh-openapi.yml
- type: x-OAI-PMH-Identify
url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/request?verb=Identify
- type: x-OAI-PMH-MetadataFormats
url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/request?verb=ListMetadataFormats
- type: x-OAI-PMH-Sets
url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/request?verb=ListSets
- type: x-OAI-PMH-OpenAIRE
url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/openaire?verb=Identify
- type: x-OAI-PMH-DRIVER
url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/driver?verb=Identify
- aid: snu:kossda-oai-pmh
name: KOSSDA OAI-PMH Repository Interface
x-operator: institution
description: 'OAI-PMH 2.0 metadata harvesting for KOSSDA (한국사회과학자료원), the Korea Social Science Data Archive at Seoul National
University — SNU''s social-science research data archive, listed in re3data as r3d100014654 with no API recorded there.
Verified live and anonymous on 2026-08-19: adminEmail kossda@snu.ac.kr, earliestDatestamp 2017-04-09T11:10:50Z, same twelve
metadata formats, handles under prefix 20.500.12236. DSpace 5.6 on 147.46.181.153, SNU''s own address block. Two defects
are recorded rather than smoothed over: the endpoint advertises its own baseURL as plain http:// while serving over HTTPS,
and Identify needed a read timeout above 45 seconds to complete, which will fail most default harvester settings.'
humanURL: https://kossda.snu.ac.kr/
baseURL: https://kossda.snu.ac.kr/oai/request
tags:
- OAI-PMH
- Research Data
- DSpace
- Social Science
- Data Archive
- Metadata Harvesting
properties:
- type: OpenAPI
url: openapi/snu-kossda-oai-pmh-openapi.yml
- type: x-OAI-PMH-Identify
url: https://kossda.snu.ac.kr/oai/request?verb=Identify
- type: x-re3data
url: https://doi.org/10.17616/R31NJNSU
- aid: snu:kafe-saml-idp
name: Seoul National University SAML 2.0 Identity Provider
x-operator: institution
description: 'SNU''s federated identity provider, entityID https://kafegw.snu.ac.kr/idp/simplesamlphp, registered by the
Korea Access Federation (registrationAuthority http://kafe.kreonet.net, registrationInstant 2024-06-25) and exported into
eduGAIN, where exactly one of 10,566 entities carries the snu.ac.kr scope. SimpleSAMLphp, SAML 2.0, SSO and SLO over HTTP-Redirect
and HTTP-POST, transient NameID, separate signing and encryption certificates issued to CN=kafegw.snu.ac.kr, O=SNU, OU=Information
Systems and Technology, valid to 2028-06-03. Declares shibmd:Scope snu.ac.kr, supports REFEDS Research & Scholarship,
and asserts Sirtfi with a published security contact. Institution-operated by definition and machine-readable by definition
— and not previously catalogued. Note that SNU does not serve its own metadata: the entityID URL 404s and the SimpleSAMLphp
metadata path returns 500, so the eduGAIN aggregate is the only retrievable copy, mirrored here.'
humanURL: https://kafegw.snu.ac.kr/
baseURL: https://kafegw.snu.ac.kr/saml/module.php/saml/idp/singleSignOnService
tags:
- SAML
- Identity Federation
- Shibboleth
- eduGAIN
- KAFE
- Single Sign-On
- Authentication
properties:
- type: x-SAMLMetadata
url: authentication/snu-kafe-saml-idp-metadata.xml
- type: Authentication
url: authentication/snu-authentication.yml
- type: x-FederationMetadata
url: https://mds.edugain.org/edugain-v2.xml
- aid: snu:s-space-opensearch
name: S-Space OpenSearch Interface
x-operator: institution
description: 'OpenSearch 1.1 search over the SNU Open Repository and Archive. A description document is served at /open-search/description.xml
as application/opensearchdescription+xml with LongName "SNU Open Repository and Archive", and /open-search/ answers keyword
queries in Atom, RSS 2.0 or HTML with opensearch: namespace annotations. GATED, not open: unlike the OAI-PMH endpoints,
this path sits behind the site''s JavaScript interstitial, so a machine client receives HTTP 200 and a ~1 KB HTML shell
carrying a js-challenge token rather than results. Every example in this repository was captured by replaying that token
as a cookie. Recorded as a real surface with its real access condition attached.'
humanURL: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/
baseURL: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/open-search/
tags:
- OpenSearch
- Search
- Institutional Repository
- DSpace
- Atom
- RSS
properties:
- type: OpenAPI
url: openapi/snu-s-space-opensearch-openapi.yml
- type: x-OpenSearchDescription
url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/open-search/description.xml
- aid: snu:library-discovery-primo
name: SNU Library Discovery (Ex Libris Primo / Alma) — tenancy
x-operator: tenant
x-vendor: Ex Libris (Clarivate)
x-tenant-identifier: 82SNU_INST
description: Seoul National University Library runs library management and discovery on Ex Libris Alma and Primo, institution
code 82SNU / 82SNU_INST, on the institution-specific host snu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com. Confirmed from SNU Library's
own homepage (lib.snu.ac.kr), which links search, journal search, thesis search and full-display into that host and pulls
cover thumbnails from ap01.alma.exlibrisgroup.com. This entry exists to record a real institutional fact — SNU operates
a library discovery service — while refusing the misattribution that goes with it. The catalog data is SNU's; the API,
the contract and the engineering are Ex Libris's, and no Ex Libris specification is saved under this institution. Score
the contract against Ex Libris, not against SNU.
humanURL: https://lib.snu.ac.kr/
baseURL: https://snu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?vid=82SNU
tags:
- Library
- Discovery
- Primo
- Alma
- Ex Libris
- Tenant
properties:
- type: Website
url: https://lib.snu.ac.kr/
common:
- type: Website
url: https://en.snu.ac.kr/
- type: PrivacyPolicy
url: https://en.snu.ac.kr/privacy-policy
- type: LinkedIn
url: https://www.linkedin.com/school/seoulnational-university
- type: Support
url: https://ist.snu.ac.kr/
- type: ResearchRepository
url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/
- type: ResearchRepository
url: https://kossda.snu.ac.kr/
- type: LibraryCatalog
url: https://lib.snu.ac.kr/
- type: CourseCatalog
url: https://sugang.snu.ac.kr/
- type: IdentityFederation
url: https://kafegw.snu.ac.kr/
- type: AIPolicy
url: https://www.snu.ac.kr/about/downloads?md=v&bbsidx=166508
- type: AITooling
url: https://www.snu.ac.kr/snunow/press?md=v&bbsidx=170942
- type: Authentication
url: authentication/snu-authentication.yml
- type: Conformance
url: conformance/snu-conformance.yml
- type: Lifecycle
url: lifecycle/snu-lifecycle.yml
- type: Scopes
url: scopes/snu-scopes.yml
- type: Errors
url: errors/snu-errors.yml
- type: Vocabulary
url: vocabulary/snu-vocabulary.yml
- type: JSONLD
url: json-ld/snu-context.jsonld
- type: Rules
url: rules/snu-rules.yml
- type: DomainSecurity
url: security/snu-domain-security.yml
- type: Plans
url: plans/snu-plans-pricing.yml
- type: RateLimits
url: rate-limits/snu-rate-limits.yml
- type: FinOps
url: finops/snu-finops.yml
- type: Review
url: review.yml
x-coverage:
state: covered
reason: institution_operates_limited_public_surface
detail: 'Not blocked and not thin by accident. Seventy-plus URLs across snu.ac.kr and its subdomains were probed on 2026-08-19,
in Korean as well as English, and four institution-operated machine-readable surfaces were found and verified: two OAI-PMH
2.0 repositories, one OpenSearch 1.1 interface, one SAML 2.0 identity provider in eduGAIN. The negatives are as load-bearing
as the positives. api.snu.ac.kr exists and resolves to SNU''s block but answers 403 at the root and 404 on every path,
so it is not a gateway. There is no open-data portal — data.snu.ac.kr is a research lab''s website, not CKAN or Socrata.
The LMS at etl.snu.ac.kr is neither Moodle nor Canvas and exposes no LTI. dcollection.snu.ac.kr runs KERIS dCollection
on SNU''s own network but serves no OAI-PMH. There is no official SNU GitHub organization, only lab-level ones, so no
GitHubOrganization pointer is claimed. Two access conditions shape what a machine can actually reach: s-space and kossda
front everything except OAI-PMH with a JavaScript challenge returning HTTP 200 and an HTML shell, and lib.snu.ac.kr locks
its WordPress REST API behind a 401. One correction to the 2026-06-03 profile is recorded in errors/snu-errors.yml — the
DSpace REST API previously reported as "present but 403" does not exist at all; behind the challenge cookie those paths
404.'
evidence:
- url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/request?verb=Identify
status: 200
note: OAI-PMH 2.0 Identify, anonymous, no challenge. repositoryName "SNU Open Repository and Archive".
- url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/request?verb=ListMetadataFormats
status: 200
note: Twelve metadata formats.
- url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/request?verb=ListSets
status: 200
note: Over 100 sets (com_10371_*, col_10371_*).
- url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/openaire?verb=Identify
status: 200
note: OpenAIRE harvesting context, live.
- url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/oai/driver?verb=Identify
status: 200
note: DRIVER harvesting context, live.
- url: https://kossda.snu.ac.kr/oai/request?verb=Identify
status: 200
note: KOSSDA OAI-PMH live; required a 120s read timeout, failed at 30s and 45s.
- url: https://mds.edugain.org/edugain-v2.xml
status: 200
note: eduGAIN aggregate, 92.9 MB, 10,566 entities. Exactly one carries scope snu.ac.kr — SNU's SAML 2.0 IdP. Mirrored
to authentication/snu-kafe-saml-idp-metadata.xml.
- url: https://kafegw.snu.ac.kr/
status: 200
note: IdP host live on 147.46.10.201, SNU's own address block.
- url: https://kafegw.snu.ac.kr/saml/module.php/saml/idp/metadata.php
status: 500
note: SNU does not serve its own SAML metadata; only the federation aggregate has it.
- url: https://kafegw.snu.ac.kr/idp/simplesamlphp
status: 404
note: The published entityID is not dereferenceable.
- url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/open-search/description.xml
status: 200
note: OpenSearch 1.1 description — but only with the js-challenge cookie replayed. Cold, this same 200 returns a 1,004-byte
HTML challenge shell. Soft-200.
- url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/rest
status: 404
note: Behind the challenge cookie. Corrects the 2026-06-03 finding of 403 — no DSpace REST API is deployed, and the 403
was the bot challenge, not an access control.
- url: https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/server/api
status: 404
note: DSpace 7 REST path absent; this is DSpace 5.5.
- url: https://api.snu.ac.kr/
status: 403
note: Host exists on SNU's block; 404 on /v1, /api, /docs, /swagger, /health, /openapi.json, /status. Not a gateway.
- url: https://data.snu.ac.kr/
status: 200
note: Data Science & AI Laboratory website. Not an open-data portal — do not read the hostname as one.
- url: https://etl.snu.ac.kr/mod/lti/token.php
status: 404
note: LMS is not Moodle and exposes no LTI; /theme/ and /local/ return soft-404s with the same 850-byte body.
- url: https://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/oai/request?verb=Identify
status: 200
note: Soft-404 — returns the dCollection HTML page, not OAI-PMH XML. No harvesting surface here.
- url: https://lib.snu.ac.kr/wp-json/
status: 401
note: WordPress REST API present but locked (rest_not_logged_in). Gated, not public.
- url: https://www.snu.ac.kr/robots.txt
status: 200
note: Blocks 20+ named crawlers including Applebot and Amazonbot; no llms.txt (404) and no security.txt (404).
- url: https://api.datacite.org/providers?query=Seoul%20National%20University
status: 200
note: Zero results. SNU is not a DataCite member; repositories mint Handles, not DOIs.
- url: https://api.github.com/orgs/snu
status: 404
note: No official SNU GitHub organization; only lab-level orgs exist.
maintainers:
- FN: Kin Lane
email: kin@apievangelist.com
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