Universiti Sains Malaysia

aid: usm
name: Universiti Sains Malaysia
x-type: university
x-category: Public Research University
description: 'Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) is a public research university founded in 1969 in Penang, Malaysia, holding
  APEX (Accelerated Programme for Excellence) status. USM operates no developer programme, no API catalog and no developer
  documentation of any kind, and its programmable footprint is entirely a by-product of the software it runs rather than anything
  it publishes for integrators. Three institution-operated machine-readable surfaces were verified live on 2026-09-01, all
  on hosts under usm.my: the OAI-PMH 2.0 endpoint and the EPrints REST/export tree of Repository@USM (eprints.usm.my, EPrints
  3.3.16, seventeen export serializations), and USM''s own Shibboleth SAML 2.0 identity provider at shibsso.usm.my, registered
  in the SIFULAN Malaysian Access Federation since 2021 and exported to eduGAIN. USM is a Crossref member (id 8963, prefixes
  10.21315 and 10.36777) and holds a ROR record; it is not a DataCite provider or client. The host advertised as an API portal,
  api.usm.my, is an unmodified commercial HTML template with lorem ipsum body copy and no catalog behind its login — it is
  scaffolding, not a gated API programme, and this profile no longer counts it as a surface.'
type: Index
deliveryModel:
  model: self-hosted
  open_source: false
  commercial: false
  callable_host: true
  label: Institution-hosted service · you call their endpoint
  confidence: high
  source:
  - probe
  generated: '2026-09-01'
  method: probed
accessModel:
  pricing: free
  onboarding: none
  trial: false
  try_now: true
  public: true
  label: Free · anonymous read, no signup
  confidence: high
  source:
  - probe
  generated: '2026-09-01'
  method: probed
position: Consuming
access: 3rd-Party
image: https://kinlane-images.s3.amazonaws.com/shared/apis-json/icons/usm.png
url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api-evangelist/usm/refs/heads/main/apis.yml
tags:
- University
- Higher Education
- Education
- Public Research University
- Malaysia
- Southeast Asia
- Research
- Open Access
- Institutional Repository
- OAI-PMH
- EPrints
- Identity Federation
- Shibboleth
- SAML
- Crossref
created: '2026-06-03'
modified: '2026-09-01'
specificationVersion: '0.23'
apis:
- aid: usm:eprints-oai
  name: USM Repository OAI-PMH
  x-operator: institution
  description: 'OAI-PMH 2.0 metadata-harvesting interface for Repository@USM, the EPrints 3.3.16 institutional repository
    USM runs on its own host. The live Identify response gives repositoryName "USM Repository", protocolVersion 2.0, adminEmail
    eprints@usm.my, earliestDatestamp 2013-07-13T00:03:59Z, deletedRecord persistent and granularity to the second. Six metadata
    prefixes are advertised — didl, mets, oai_bibl, oai_dc, rdf, uketd_dc. Anonymous read; no key. Two caveats a harvester
    must know: every error condition returns HTTP 200 with the fault in the body, and the repositoryIdentifier is still the
    EPrints default "generic.eprints.org" rather than usm.my, so minted OAI identifiers are not globally distinguishable.'
  humanURL: https://eprints.usm.my/
  baseURL: https://eprints.usm.my/cgi/oai2
  tags:
  - Repository
  - OAI-PMH
  - Research
  - Open Access
  - Metadata
  - EPrints
  properties:
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/usm-repository-oai-pmh-openapi.yml
  - type: Errors
    url: errors/usm-repository-oai-pmh-errors.yml
  - type: Examples
    url: examples/usm-repository-examples.yml
  - type: Vocabulary
    url: vocabulary/usm-repository-vocabulary.yml
  - type: Lifecycle
    url: lifecycle/usm-repository-lifecycle.yml
  - type: Authentication
    url: authentication/usm-authentication.yml
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://eprints.usm.my/
- aid: usm:eprints-rest
  name: USM Repository EPrints REST and Export
  x-operator: institution
  description: 'Anonymous read interface to Repository@USM beyond OAI-PMH, verified route by route on 2026-09-01. /rest/ exposes
    three datasets (eprint, user, subject); /rest/eprint/{id}.xml returns full EPrints EP2 data XML; /rest/eprint/{id}/{field}.txt
    gives single-field plain-text access; /rest/subject/{id}.xml walks the Library of Congress subject tree; and /cgi/export/eprint/{id}/{format}/{filename}
    serves seventeen verified bibliographic serializations including JSON, RDF/XML, METS, MODS, DIDL, Atom, BibTeX and RIS.
    One soft-404 trap is documented in the contract: /rest/eprint/{id}.json answers HTTP 200 with the repository''s HTML landing
    page, not JSON.'
  humanURL: https://eprints.usm.my/rest/
  baseURL: https://eprints.usm.my
  tags:
  - Repository
  - REST
  - Research
  - Open Access
  - Metadata
  - EPrints
  - Bibliographic
  properties:
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/usm-repository-eprints-rest-openapi.yml
  - type: JSONSchema
    url: json-schema/usm-eprint-record.json
  - type: Examples
    url: examples/usm-repository-examples.yml
  - type: Authentication
    url: authentication/usm-authentication.yml
  - type: Lifecycle
    url: lifecycle/usm-repository-lifecycle.yml
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://eprints.usm.my/rest/
- aid: usm:shibboleth-idp
  name: USM Shibboleth Identity Provider (SIFULAN / eduGAIN)
  x-operator: federation
  description: 'USM''s own SAML 2.0 Shibboleth identity provider, entityID https://shibsso.usm.my/idp/shibboleth, scope usm.my.
    Registered in the SIFULAN Malaysian Access Federation on 2021-10-30 under registration authority https://sifulan.my, carried
    in SIFULAN''s eduGAIN export, and tagged with the REFEDS Research and Scholarship entity category. Published bindings:
    SSO over HTTP-POST, HTTP-Redirect and POST-SimpleSign plus the Shibboleth 1.0 AuthnRequest profile; SLO over POST, Redirect
    and SOAP; an AttributeAuthority over SAML1 and SAML2 SOAP; artifact resolution over SOAP. In live production use — an
    unauthenticated request to eduvpn.usm.my lands on the IdP''s SAML2 Redirect SSO endpoint. A federation is shared by definition;
    the IdP behind it is USM''s.'
  humanURL: https://www.usm.my
  baseURL: https://shibsso.usm.my/idp/shibboleth
  tags:
  - Identity Federation
  - Shibboleth
  - SAML
  - SSO
  - eduGAIN
  - SIFULAN
  properties:
  - type: Metadata
    url: https://shibsso.usm.my/idp/shibboleth
  - type: FederationMetadata
    url: https://metadata.sifulan.my/metadata.xml
  - type: Authentication
    url: authentication/usm-authentication.yml
  - type: Conformance
    url: conformance/usm-education-standards-conformance.yml
- aid: usm:moodle-ws
  name: e-Learning@USM Moodle Web Services
  x-operator: institution
  description: Self-hosted Moodle at elearning.usm.my with the REST web-service server enabled and token-gated. An unauthenticated
    call returns Moodle's own invalidtoken exception, which proves the service is live rather than absent. The deployment,
    the host and the data are USM's; the contract is Moodle's, so no Moodle specification is saved under this institution
    — the relationship is recorded, the vendor's contract is not.
  humanURL: https://elearning.usm.my/sidang2526/
  baseURL: https://elearning.usm.my/sidang2526/webservice/rest/server.php
  tags:
  - Learning Management
  - Moodle
  - LMS
  - Token Auth
  properties:
  - type: Authentication
    url: authentication/usm-authentication.yml
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://elearning.usm.my/sidang2526/
- aid: usm:crossref-member
  name: Crossref membership — Universiti Sains Malaysia
  x-operator: registry
  description: USM is Crossref member 8963, registering DOIs under prefixes 10.21315 (USM Press journals such as the Malaysian
    Journal of Medical Sciences, Journal of Physical Science, Kajian Malaysia and Tropical Life Sciences Research) and 10.36777.
    As of 2026-09-01 the membership carries 4,955 registered DOIs — 1,365 current and 3,590 backfile. This is a fact about
    USM recorded through a shared registry; Crossref's own contract belongs to Crossref and is not saved here.
  humanURL: https://www.crossref.org/
  baseURL: https://api.crossref.org/members/8963
  tags:
  - Registry
  - DOI
  - Crossref
  - Scholarly Publishing
  - Membership
  properties:
  - type: Registration
    url: https://api.crossref.org/members/8963
  - type: Conformance
    url: conformance/usm-education-standards-conformance.yml
- aid: usm:ror-record
  name: ROR record — Universiti Sains Malaysia
  x-operator: registry
  description: USM's Research Organization Registry identifier, https://ror.org/02rgb2k63. The identifier is the join key
    used by ORCID, Crossref and DataCite to attribute research output to the institution — 4,821 ORCID records carried an
    affiliation to this ROR id on 2026-09-01. Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia holds a separate ROR record (0090j2029) and
    is not this entity.
  humanURL: https://ror.org/02rgb2k63
  baseURL: https://api.ror.org/v2/organizations/02rgb2k63
  tags:
  - Registry
  - ROR
  - Research Identifiers
  - Membership
  properties:
  - type: Registration
    url: https://ror.org/02rgb2k63
  - type: Conformance
    url: conformance/usm-education-standards-conformance.yml
common:
- type: Website
  url: https://www.usm.my/en/
- type: ResearchRepository
  url: https://eprints.usm.my/
- type: IdentityFederation
  url: https://shibsso.usm.my/idp/shibboleth
- type: LibraryCatalog
  url: https://lib.usm.my/
- type: DeveloperPortal
  url: https://api.usm.my/
- type: Blog
  url: https://news.usm.my/
- type: Support
  url: https://ppkt.usm.my/
- type: AIPolicy
  url: https://cdae.usm.my/images/DownloadPDF/GARIS%20PANDUAN%20PENGGUNAAN%20TEKNOLOGI%20KECERDASAN%20BUATAN%20GENERATIF%20KBG%20DALAM%20PENGAJARAN%20DAN%20PEMBELAJARAN%20PdP%20PENDIDIKAN%20TINGGI.pdf
- type: LinkedIn
  url: https://www.linkedin.com/school/universiti-sains-malaysia-official/
- type: OpenAPI
  url: openapi/usm-repository-oai-pmh-openapi.yml
- type: OpenAPI
  url: openapi/usm-repository-eprints-rest-openapi.yml
- type: JSONSchema
  url: json-schema/usm-eprint-record.json
- type: Examples
  url: examples/usm-repository-examples.yml
- type: Errors
  url: errors/usm-repository-oai-pmh-errors.yml
- type: Authentication
  url: authentication/usm-authentication.yml
- type: Conformance
  url: conformance/usm-education-standards-conformance.yml
- type: Vocabulary
  url: vocabulary/usm-repository-vocabulary.yml
- type: Lifecycle
  url: lifecycle/usm-repository-lifecycle.yml
- type: Rules
  url: rules/usm-rules.yml
- type: JSONLD
  url: json-ld/usm-context.jsonld
- type: DomainSecurity
  url: security/usm-domain-security.yml
- type: Plans
  url: plans/usm-plans-pricing.yml
- type: RateLimits
  url: rate-limits/usm-rate-limits.yml
- type: FinOps
  url: finops/usm-finops.yml
- type: Review
  url: review.yml
x-coverage:
  state: covered
  reason: covered
  detail: 'Three institution-operated machine-readable surfaces were found, probed and contracted on 2026-09-01 — the Repository@USM
    OAI-PMH endpoint, the Repository@USM EPrints REST and export tree, and USM''s own Shibboleth SAML identity provider in
    SIFULAN and eduGAIN — plus a token-gated self-hosted Moodle web-service endpoint and two registry memberships (Crossref
    8963, ROR 02rgb2k63). What USM does NOT have is a developer programme: no catalog, no documentation, no terms, no status
    page, no changelog, no GitHub organization (github.com/usm-my 404), no open-data portal (data.usm.my does not resolve),
    and no declared metadata or data policy — the repository still ships the EPrints default "this server has not yet been
    fully configured" text. The api.usm.my "developer portal" carried in the June 2026 profile as a gated catalog was re-examined
    and is an unmodified TemplateMo "Chain App Dev" HTML template with lorem ipsum copy and info@company.co as its contact;
    it has been removed from apis[] and is retained only as a DeveloperPortal pointer. A previously recorded 403 on www.usm.my
    was a bot challenge, not a dead host — it returns 200 to a browser User-Agent. On the AI axis, the only guidance found
    on a USM host is the Ministry of Higher Education''s national generative-AI guideline (Garis Panduan Penggunaan Teknologi
    Kecerdasan Buatan Generatif dalam PdP Pendidikan Tinggi), republished as a PDF by USM''s Centre for Development of Academic
    Excellence at cdae.usm.my — it is recorded as the AIPolicy pointer because it is the operative guidance, but it is MOHE''s
    document, not a USM-authored policy, and no USM-authored AI policy was found in English or Malay.'
  evidence:
  - url: https://eprints.usm.my/cgi/oai2?verb=Identify
    status: 200
  - url: https://eprints.usm.my/cgi/oai2?verb=ListMetadataFormats
    status: 200
  - url: https://eprints.usm.my/rest/
    status: 200
  - url: https://eprints.usm.my/rest/eprint/16.xml
    status: 200
  - url: https://eprints.usm.my/cgi/export/eprint/16/JSON/x
    status: 200
  - url: https://metadata.sifulan.my/metadata.xml
    status: 200
  - url: https://shibsso.usm.my/idp/shibboleth
    status: 200
  - url: https://elearning.usm.my/sidang2526/webservice/rest/server.php
    status: 200
  - url: https://api.crossref.org/members/8963
    status: 200
  - url: https://api.ror.org/v2/organizations?query=Universiti+Sains+Malaysia
    status: 200
  - url: https://api.datacite.org/providers?query=Universiti+Sains+Malaysia
    status: 200
  - url: https://www.usm.my/en/
    status: 200
  - url: https://api.usm.my/
    status: 200
  - url: https://api.usm.my/openapi.json
    status: 404
  - url: https://github.com/usm-my
    status: 404
  - url: https://data.usm.my/
    status: 0
  - url: https://developer.usm.my/
    status: 0
x-enrichment:
  pipeline: pipeline-university.md
  generated: '2026-09-01'
  method: probed
  note: Re-profiled under the university pipeline's operator axis. No vendor contract was present in this repo to remove;
    the correction here is the api.usm.my portal, which was credited as a gated API catalog and is a stock HTML template.
maintainers:
- FN: Kin Lane
  email: kin@apievangelist.com