JSON Patch and JSON Merge Patch

{
  "$id": "json-patch.json",
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "title": "JSON Patch and JSON Merge Patch",
  "description": "Schema describing JSON Patch (RFC 6902) operations for modifying JSON documents, and JSON Merge Patch (RFC 7396) for merging partial updates into JSON documents.",
  "oneOf": [
    {
      "$ref": "#/$defs/jsonPatch"
    },
    {
      "$ref": "#/$defs/jsonMergePatch"
    }
  ],
  "$defs": {
    "jsonPatch": {
      "title": "JSON Patch (RFC 6902)",
      "description": "A JSON Patch document is a JSON document that represents an array of operations to apply to a target JSON document.",
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "$ref": "#/$defs/operation"
      },
      "minItems": 1
    },
    "operation": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "A single JSON Patch operation.",
      "required": [
        "op",
        "path"
      ],
      "properties": {
        "op": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "The operation to perform.",
          "enum": [
            "add",
            "remove",
            "replace",
            "move",
            "copy",
            "test"
          ]
        },
        "path": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "A JSON Pointer (RFC 6901) string identifying the target location within the document.",
          "examples": [
            "/foo/bar",
            "/items/0",
            "/~0escaped~1path"
          ]
        },
        "value": {
          "description": "The value to use for add, replace, or test operations."
        },
        "from": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "A JSON Pointer string identifying the source location for move or copy operations.",
          "examples": [
            "/foo/bar"
          ]
        }
      },
      "allOf": [
        {
          "if": {
            "properties": {
              "op": {
                "enum": ["add", "replace", "test"]
              }
            }
          },
          "then": {
            "required": ["value"]
          }
        },
        {
          "if": {
            "properties": {
              "op": {
                "enum": ["move", "copy"]
              }
            }
          },
          "then": {
            "required": ["from"]
          }
        }
      ],
      "additionalProperties": false
    },
    "jsonMergePatch": {
      "title": "JSON Merge Patch (RFC 7396)",
      "description": "A JSON Merge Patch document describes changes to a target JSON document using a syntax that closely mirrors the document being modified. Recipients process merge patches by comparing the content with the current target document: members present in the patch replace the corresponding target values, null values remove the corresponding target members, and members not present in the patch remain unchanged.",
      "oneOf": [
        {
          "type": "object",
          "description": "An object whose members represent changes to apply. A null value removes the member; an object value is applied recursively; any other value replaces the target member.",
          "additionalProperties": true
        },
        {
          "type": "array",
          "description": "When the merge patch is not an object, the entire target is replaced."
        },
        {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "When the merge patch is not an object, the entire target is replaced."
        },
        {
          "type": "number",
          "description": "When the merge patch is not an object, the entire target is replaced."
        },
        {
          "type": "boolean",
          "description": "When the merge patch is not an object, the entire target is replaced."
        },
        {
          "type": "null",
          "description": "A null merge patch replaces the entire target with null."
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}