Azure Synapse Analytics · Rate Limits

Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics Rate Limits

Azure Synapse Analytics has two layers of limits. (1) The management/control plane flows through Azure Resource Manager (ARM) and is throttled via the standard ARM token-bucket algorithm (250-token read bucket / 25 per sec; 200-token write bucket / 10 per sec per subscription per region). (2) The data plane has workload-specific limits — Dedicated SQL Pool concurrency by DWU (e.g., DW100c = 4 concurrent queries; DW30000c = 128 concurrent queries), Serverless SQL Pool query duration cap, Apache Spark Pool node cap per workspace, and Pipelines concurrency caps. Many limits can be raised by support request.

Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics Rate Limits is the machine-readable rate-limit profile for Azure Synapse Analytics on the APIs.io network, conforming to the API Commons Rate Limits specification.

It captures 7 rate-limit definitions, measuring requests_per_second, concurrent_queries, concurrency_slots, minutes_per_query, and nodes_per_pool.

The profile also includes 5 backoff/retry policies defined and response codes documented for throttled, serviceUnavailable, and resourceGovernance.

Tagged areas include Analytics, Apache Spark, Big Data, Data Integration, and Data Warehouse.

7 Limits Throttle: 429
AnalyticsApache SparkBig DataData IntegrationData WarehouseETLSQLRate Limiting

Limits

ARM management plane reads (token bucket) subscription/region
requests_per_second · second
25
250-token bucket; 25/sec refill.
ARM management plane writes (token bucket) subscription/region
requests_per_second · second
10
200-token bucket; 10/sec refill.
Dedicated SQL Pool concurrent queries (DW100c) dedicated-sql-pool
concurrent_queries
4
Concurrency scales with DWU. DW100c=4, DW1000c=32, DW30000c=128.
Dedicated SQL Pool concurrency slots dedicated-sql-pool
concurrency_slots
4
DW100c=4 slots; DW1000c=40; DW30000c=1200. Each query consumes slots based on resource class.
Serverless SQL Pool query duration workspace
minutes_per_query · minute
30
Maximum query duration is 30 minutes; long-running queries are auto-killed.
Apache Spark Pool node count workspace
nodes_per_pool
200
Default cap of 200 nodes per Spark pool; raise via support request.
Synapse Pipelines concurrent activities workspace
concurrent_activities
1000
Default integration-runtime concurrent-activity cap; raise via support.

Policies

Pause to control concurrency cost
Dedicated SQL Pools billed by DWU-hour can be paused; metadata is preserved and storage continues to bill, but compute charges stop.
Resource class governance (10928 / 10936)
SQL Pools enforce concurrency via static or dynamic resource classes (smallrc, mediumrc, largerc, xlargerc). Exceeding limits returns SQL error 10928.
ARM token-bucket retry
For management-plane 429s, honor Retry-After and use SDK auto-retry.
Serverless query result-set size
Serverless SQL Pool returns a result-set up to ~200 GB or 30-minute duration, whichever first. Use CETAS / external tables for larger output.
Limit increase via support
Workspace, pool, and concurrent-activity caps are soft and can be raised via Azure support tickets.

Sources