Wikidata · JSON Structure
Wikidata Entity Structure

A Wikidata entity — either an Item (Q) or Property (P) in the Wikibase data model
Type: object Properties: 10 Required: 2
Knowledge GraphLinked DataOpen DataSemantic WebSPARQLWikipedia
Wikidata Entity is a JSON Structure definition published by Wikidata, describing 10 properties, of which 2 are required. It conforms to the https://json-structure.org/meta/core/v0/# meta-schema.
Properties

id type datatype labels descriptions aliases statements sitelinks lastrevid modified
Meta-schema: https://json-structure.org/meta/core/v0/#
JSON Structure

{
  "$schema": "https://json-structure.org/meta/core/v0/#",
  "$id": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api-evangelist/wikidata/refs/heads/main/json-structure/wikidata-entity-structure.json",
  "description": "A Wikidata entity \u2014 either an Item (Q) or Property (P) in the Wikibase data model",
  "type": "object",
  "properties": {
    "id": {
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Entity identifier \u2014 Q prefix for items, P prefix for properties",
      "pattern": "^[QP]\\d+$",
      "examples": [
        "Q42",
        "P31",
        "Q350"
      ]
    },
    "type": {
      "type": "string",
      "enum": [
        "item",
        "property"
      ],
      "description": "Entity type"
    },
    "datatype": {
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Property datatype (only for properties)",
      "enum": [
        "wikibase-item",
        "wikibase-property",
        "string",
        "monolingualtext",
        "quantity",
        "time",
        "globe-coordinate",
        "url",
        "commonsMedia",
        "external-id",
        "math",
        "geo-shape",
        "tabular-data",
        "lexeme",
        "sense",
        "form"
      ]
    },
    "labels": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "Labels keyed by BCP 47 language code",
      "additionalProperties": {
        "type": "string"
      },
      "examples": [
        {
          "en": "Douglas Adams",
          "fr": "Douglas Adams",
          "de": "Douglas Adams"
        }
      ]
    },
    "descriptions": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "Descriptions keyed by BCP 47 language code",
      "additionalProperties": {
        "type": "string"
      },
      "examples": [
        {
          "en": "British author and humorist (1952\u20132001)"
        }
      ]
    },
    "aliases": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "Alternate names keyed by language code",
      "additionalProperties": {
        "type": "array",
        "items": {
          "type": "string"
        }
      }
    },
    "statements": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "Claims/statements keyed by property ID",
      "additionalProperties": {
        "type": "array",
        "description": "All statements for a given property",
        "items": {
          "$ref": "#/$defs/Statement"
        }
      }
    },
    "sitelinks": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "Links to Wikipedia and other Wikimedia sister projects (items only)",
      "additionalProperties": {
        "$ref": "#/$defs/Sitelink"
      }
    },
    "lastrevid": {
      "type": "int32",
      "description": "Latest revision ID"
    },
    "modified": {
      "type": "datetime",
      "description": "Timestamp of last modification"
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "id",
    "type"
  ],
  "name": "Wikidata Entity",
  "definitions": {
    "Statement": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "A single claim/statement on an entity",
      "properties": {
        "id": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "Statement GUID (e.g., Q42$F078E5B3-...)"
        },
        "rank": {
          "type": "string",
          "enum": [
            "preferred",
            "normal",
            "deprecated"
          ],
          "description": "Statement rank for conflicting values"
        },
        "property": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "id": {
              "type": "string",
              "pattern": "^P\\d+$"
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "id"
          ]
        },
        "value": {
          "$ref": "#/$defs/DataValue"
        },
        "qualifiers": {
          "type": "array",
          "description": "Qualifying statements providing context",
          "items": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "property": {
                "type": "object",
                "properties": {
                  "id": {
                    "type": "string",
                    "pattern": "^P\\d+$"
                  }
                }
              },
              "value": {
                "$ref": "#/$defs/DataValue"
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "references": {
          "type": "array",
          "description": "Reference sources for this statement",
          "items": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "hash": {
                "type": "string"
              },
              "parts": {
                "type": "array",
                "items": {
                  "type": "object"
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
      },
      "required": [
        "property",
        "value"
      ],
      "name": "Statement"
    },
    "DataValue": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "A snak value",
      "properties": {
        "type": {
          "type": "string",
          "enum": [
            "value",
            "somevalue",
            "novalue"
          ],
          "description": "value=has a value, somevalue=unknown value exists, novalue=no value"
        },
        "content": {
          "description": "The actual value \u2014 type depends on property datatype",
          "oneOf": [
            {
              "type": "string",
              "description": "String, URL, external ID, or item/property reference"
            },
            {
              "type": "double",
              "description": "Numeric quantity"
            },
            {
              "type": "object",
              "description": "Complex value (time, coordinate, quantity with units)",
              "properties": {
                "time": {
                  "type": "string",
                  "description": "ISO 8601 extended timestamp"
                },
                "precision": {
                  "type": "int32",
                  "description": "Temporal precision (0=billion years, 14=second)"
                },
                "latitude": {
                  "type": "double"
                },
                "longitude": {
                  "type": "double"
                },
                "amount": {
                  "type": "string"
                },
                "unit": {
                  "type": "string"
                },
                "language": {
                  "type": "string"
                },
                "text": {
                  "type": "string"
                }
              }
            },
            {
              "type": "null"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "required": [
        "type"
      ],
      "name": "DataValue"
    },
    "Sitelink": {
      "type": "object",
      "properties": {
        "title": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "Article title in the linked wiki"
        },
        "url": {
          "type": "uri",
          "description": "Full URL to the linked article"
        },
        "badges": {
          "type": "array",
          "description": "Quality badges (featured article, good article)",
          "items": {
            "type": "string",
            "pattern": "^Q\\d+$"
          }
        }
      },
      "name": "Sitelink"
    }
  }
}