Retrieve food records by FDC ID
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openapi: 3.2.0
info:
title: USDA FoodData Central Foods API
description: The USDA FoodData Central (FDC) API provides access to an integrated data system with extended nutritional and food component data. Data types include Foundation Foods, SR Legacy, Survey Foods (FNDDS), Branded Foods, and Experimental Foods. Requires a free data.gov API key.
version: '1.0'
contact:
name: USDA National Agricultural Library - FoodData Central
url: https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/api-guide/
license:
name: CC0 1.0 Universal
url: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
servers:
- url: https://api.nal.usda.gov/fdc/v1
security:
- ApiKeyQuery: []
tags:
- name: Foods
description: Retrieve food records by FDC ID
paths:
/food/{fdcId}:
get:
tags:
- Foods
operationId: getFood
summary: Get Food by FDC ID
description: Retrieves detailed nutritional data for a single food identified by its FoodData Central ID (fdcId).
parameters:
- name: fdcId
in: path
required: true
description: The unique FoodData Central ID
schema:
type: integer
example: 534358
- name: format
in: query
description: Optional format. Default is abridged; 'full' returns all nutrient data for the food.
schema:
type: string
enum:
- abridged
- full
default: abridged
- name: nutrients
in: query
description: Optional list of nutrient numbers to return
schema:
type: array
items:
type: integer
style: form
explode: false
- name: api_key
in: query
description: Your data.gov API key (can also be passed as X-Api-Key header)
schema:
type: string
responses:
'200':
description: Food details
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/FoodItem'
'404':
description: Food not found
'429':
description: Rate limit exceeded
/foods:
get:
tags:
- Foods
operationId: getFoodsGet
summary: Get Multiple Foods by FDC IDs
description: Retrieves details for multiple foods specified by FDC IDs.
parameters:
- name: fdcIds
in: query
required: true
description: List of FDC IDs (comma-separated, max 20)
schema:
type: array
items:
type: integer
style: form
explode: false
- name: format
in: query
schema:
type: string
enum:
- abridged
- full
- name: nutrients
in: query
schema:
type: array
items:
type: integer
style: form
explode: false
- name: api_key
in: query
schema:
type: string
responses:
'200':
description: List of food items
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/FoodItem'
post:
tags:
- Foods
operationId: getFoodsPost
summary: Get Multiple Foods by FDC IDs (POST)
description: Retrieves details for multiple foods. POST variant allows larger ID lists.
requestBody:
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: object
properties:
fdcIds:
type: array
items:
type: integer
description: List of FDC IDs (max 20)
format:
type: string
enum:
- abridged
- full
nutrients:
type: array
items:
type: integer
responses:
'200':
description: List of food items
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/FoodItem'
/foods/list:
get:
tags:
- Foods
operationId: getFoodsListGet
summary: List Foods (Paginated Abridged Format)
description: Returns a paginated list of foods in abridged format.
parameters:
- name: dataType
in: query
description: Filter by data type
schema:
type: array
items:
type: string
enum:
- Foundation
- Branded
- Survey (FNDDS)
- SR Legacy
- Experimental
style: form
explode: false
- name: pageSize
in: query
description: Number of results per page (max 200)
schema:
type: integer
default: 50
maximum: 200
- name: pageNumber
in: query
description: Page number for pagination
schema:
type: integer
default: 1
- name: sortBy
in: query
description: Sort field
schema:
type: string
enum:
- dataType.keyword
- lowercaseDescription.keyword
- fdcId
- publishedDate
- name: sortOrder
in: query
schema:
type: string
enum:
- asc
- desc
- name: api_key
in: query
schema:
type: string
responses:
'200':
description: Paginated list of foods
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/AbridgedFoodItem'
post:
tags:
- Foods
operationId: getFoodsListPost
summary: List Foods (POST)
requestBody:
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: object
properties:
dataType:
type: array
items:
type: string
pageSize:
type: integer
default: 50
pageNumber:
type: integer
default: 1
sortBy:
type: string
sortOrder:
type: string
responses:
'200':
description: Paginated list of foods
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/AbridgedFoodItem'
components:
schemas:
AbridgedFoodNutrient:
type: object
properties:
nutrientId:
type: integer
nutrientName:
type: string
nutrientNumber:
type: string
unitName:
type: string
value:
type: number
AbridgedFoodItem:
type: object
description: Abridged food record
properties:
fdcId:
type: integer
description:
type: string
dataType:
type: string
publishedDate:
type: string
format: date
brandOwner:
type:
- string
- 'null'
foodNutrients:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/AbridgedFoodNutrient'
FoodItem:
type: object
description: Detailed food record with nutrients
properties:
fdcId:
type: integer
description: FoodData Central ID
description:
type: string
description: Food description/name
dataType:
type: string
enum:
- Foundation
- Branded
- Survey (FNDDS)
- SR Legacy
- Experimental
publishedDate:
type: string
format: date
foodNutrients:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/FoodNutrient'
foodCategory:
type:
- string
- 'null'
brandOwner:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: Brand owner (Branded Foods only)
ingredients:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: Ingredient list (Branded Foods only)
servingSize:
type:
- number
- 'null'
servingSizeUnit:
type:
- string
- 'null'
modifiedDate:
type: string
format: date
FoodNutrient:
type: object
description: Nutrient data for a food
properties:
nutrientId:
type: integer
nutrientName:
type: string
nutrientNumber:
type: string
unitName:
type: string
description: Measurement unit (g, mg, kcal, IU, etc.)
value:
type: number
description: Nutrient amount per 100g
derivationCode:
type: string
derivationDescription:
type: string
securitySchemes:
ApiKeyQuery:
type: apiKey
in: query
name: api_key
description: data.gov API key. Register at https://api.data.gov/signup/
ApiKeyHeader:
type: apiKey
in: header
name: X-Api-Key