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openapi: 3.2.0
info:
title: Bird Email Inbound Messages API
version: 1.0.0
description: 'The Bird API: one REST API for email, SMS, WhatsApp, verification, and
Realtime.'
servers:
- url: https://{region}.platform.bird.com
description: 'Regional API endpoint. Use the host for the region your organization is hosted in. Official Bird SDKs and the CLI select it automatically from your API key, so you rarely need to set it by hand.
'
variables:
region:
default: us1
enum:
- us1
- eu1
description: The region your organization's data is hosted in.
- url: https://platform.bird.com
description: Region-independent endpoint for authentication and account administration.
- url: http://localhost:8080
description: Local development.
security:
- BearerAuth: []
tags:
- name: email-inbound-messages
description: Emails received on your behalf, including each parsed message, its body, raw MIME content, and attachments.
paths:
/v1/email/inbound-messages:
get:
operationId: listInboundMessages
summary: List received emails
description: Returns a paginated list of received emails for the workspace, newest first. Filter by sender address, by the inbound address that received the mail, or by a received-time range. Received emails are retained for 30 days.
tags:
- email-inbound-messages
security:
- BearerAuth: []
- CookieAuth: []
x-audiences:
- public
- command
parameters:
- name: from
in: query
required: false
description: Filter to messages whose sender address matches this value exactly. Sender addresses are stored lowercase, so pass the address in lowercase to match reliably.
schema:
type: string
format: email
minLength: 5
example: alice@example.com
- name: inbound_address_id
in: query
required: false
description: Filter to messages received on a specific inbound address.
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundAddressID'
- name: received_after
in: query
required: false
description: Filter to messages received at or after this time.
schema:
type: string
format: date-time
- name: received_before
in: query
required: false
description: Filter to messages received at or before this time.
schema:
type: string
format: date-time
- $ref: '#/components/parameters/PaginationLimit'
- $ref: '#/components/parameters/StartingAfter'
- $ref: '#/components/parameters/EndingBefore'
responses:
'200':
description: Paginated list of received emails.
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundEmailMessageList'
'401':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unauthorized'
'403':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Forbidden'
'422':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unprocessable'
'429':
$ref: '#/components/responses/RateLimited'
'500':
$ref: '#/components/responses/InternalError'
x-surfaces:
- cli
- make
- mcp
- n8n
/v1/email/inbound-messages/{inbound_message_id}:
parameters:
- name: inbound_message_id
in: path
required: true
description: Received email identifier. Starts with `rem_`.
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundEmailMessageID'
get:
operationId: getInboundMessage
summary: Get a received email
description: 'Returns the parsed metadata for a received email:
- Addresses.
- Subject.
- Threading headers.
- Authentication results.
- The attachment manifest.
Content is fetched separately:
- Get the parsed body from Get a received email''s body.
- Get the original MIME from Get a received email''s raw content.
- Get attachment bytes from Get a received email''s attachment.
Received emails are retained for 30 days. An unknown or expired message returns `404`.'
tags:
- email-inbound-messages
security:
- BearerAuth: []
- CookieAuth: []
x-audiences:
- public
- command
responses:
'200':
description: Received email object.
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundEmailMessage'
'401':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unauthorized'
'403':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Forbidden'
'404':
$ref: '#/components/responses/NotFound'
'422':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unprocessable'
'429':
$ref: '#/components/responses/RateLimited'
'500':
$ref: '#/components/responses/InternalError'
x-surfaces:
- cli
- make
- mcp
- n8n
/v1/email/inbound-messages/{inbound_message_id}/body:
parameters:
- name: inbound_message_id
in: path
required: true
description: Received email identifier. Starts with `rem_`.
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundEmailMessageID'
get:
operationId: getInboundMessageBody
summary: Get a received email's body
description: 'Returns the parsed, decoded body of a received email as JSON: the `html` and `text` parts, each `null` when the message had no such part. This is the reading-friendly form. For the exact original bytes (headers, signatures, full MIME structure) use Get a received email''s raw content. An unknown or expired message returns `404`. A message that exists but has no stored content returns both parts `null`.'
tags:
- email-inbound-messages
security:
- BearerAuth: []
- CookieAuth: []
x-audiences:
- public
- command
responses:
'200':
description: Parsed message body.
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundEmailMessageBody'
'401':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unauthorized'
'403':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Forbidden'
'404':
$ref: '#/components/responses/NotFound'
'422':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unprocessable'
'429':
$ref: '#/components/responses/RateLimited'
'500':
$ref: '#/components/responses/InternalError'
x-surfaces:
- cli
- make
- mcp
- n8n
/v1/email/inbound-messages/{inbound_message_id}/raw:
parameters:
- name: inbound_message_id
in: path
required: true
description: Received email identifier. Starts with `rem_`.
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundEmailMessageID'
get:
operationId: getInboundMessageRaw
summary: Get a received email's raw content
description: 'Returns the original message exactly as received, in RFC 5322 (MIME) format, as a `message/rfc822` download. Use it when you need the exact bytes:
- Full headers.
- Signatures.
- Your own MIME parsing.
For parsed fields use Get a received email and Get a received email''s body.
Returns `404` when the message is unknown or its stored content has expired (received emails are retained for 30 days). A received message, including its attachments, cannot exceed 25 MB.'
tags:
- email-inbound-messages
security:
- BearerAuth: []
- CookieAuth: []
x-audiences:
- public
- command
responses:
'200':
description: The original message in RFC 5322 (MIME) format.
content:
message/rfc822:
schema:
type: string
format: binary
'401':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unauthorized'
'403':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Forbidden'
'404':
$ref: '#/components/responses/NotFound'
'422':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unprocessable'
'429':
$ref: '#/components/responses/RateLimited'
'500':
$ref: '#/components/responses/InternalError'
x-surfaces:
- cli
- make
- mcp
/v1/email/inbound-messages/{inbound_message_id}/attachments:
parameters:
- name: inbound_message_id
in: path
required: true
description: Received email identifier. Starts with `rem_`.
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundEmailMessageID'
get:
operationId: listInboundMessageAttachments
summary: List a received email's attachments
description: 'Returns metadata for each attachment on a received email:
- The `attachment_id`.
- The declared filename.
- The MIME type.
- The size.
The same manifest is embedded in Get a received email. Fetch an individual attachment''s bytes with Get a received email''s attachment.'
tags:
- email-inbound-messages
security:
- BearerAuth: []
- CookieAuth: []
x-audiences:
- public
- command
responses:
'200':
description: The attachments on the received email.
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundAttachmentList'
'401':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unauthorized'
'403':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Forbidden'
'404':
$ref: '#/components/responses/NotFound'
'422':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unprocessable'
'429':
$ref: '#/components/responses/RateLimited'
'500':
$ref: '#/components/responses/InternalError'
x-surfaces:
- cli
- make
- mcp
- n8n
/v1/email/inbound-messages/{inbound_message_id}/attachments/{attachment_id}:
parameters:
- name: inbound_message_id
in: path
required: true
description: Received email identifier. Starts with `rem_`.
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundEmailMessageID'
- name: attachment_id
in: path
required: true
description: Inbound attachment identifier. Starts with `rea_`.
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundAttachmentID'
get:
operationId: getInboundMessageAttachment
summary: Get a received email's attachment
description: Returns the raw bytes of a single attachment on a received email, served as `application/octet-stream`. The attachment's declared MIME type and filename are in its metadata, from List a received email's attachments, which is also where you find the `attachment_id`. Returns `404` when the attachment is not part of the message or its stored bytes have expired. A received message, including its attachments, cannot exceed 25 MB.
tags:
- email-inbound-messages
security:
- BearerAuth: []
- CookieAuth: []
x-audiences:
- public
- command
responses:
'200':
description: The raw attachment bytes.
content:
application/octet-stream:
schema:
type: string
format: binary
'401':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unauthorized'
'403':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Forbidden'
'404':
$ref: '#/components/responses/NotFound'
'422':
$ref: '#/components/responses/Unprocessable'
'429':
$ref: '#/components/responses/RateLimited'
'500':
$ref: '#/components/responses/InternalError'
x-surfaces:
- cli
- make
- mcp
components:
schemas:
ErrorBody:
type: object
additionalProperties: false
required:
- type
- code
- name
- message
- doc_url
- request_id
properties:
type:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: Broad category for coarse client branching.
enum:
- auth_error
- bad_request_error
- billing_error
- conflict_error
- gone_error
- internal_error
- misdirected_error
- not_found_error
- not_implemented_error
- payload_too_large_error
- permission_error
- precondition_error
- rate_limit_error
- service_unavailable_error
- too_early_error
- validation_error
code:
type: string
minLength: 1
pattern: ^E\d{5}$
description: Opaque, stable, unique error identifier. Never reused.
name:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: Human-readable slug for log readability. Paired with code, never replaces it.
message:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: Human-readable description. Not stable; clients must not parse it.
param:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: Identifies the offending field. Omitted when not applicable.
doc_url:
type: string
minLength: 1
format: uri
description: Stable link to the docs page for this error code.
request_id:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: Request correlation ID for support and troubleshooting. Also returned in the `X-Request-Id` response header.
vendor_code:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: 'Verbatim error code from an external system, such as an SMTP response code or a payment decline code. Present only when the code may help you resolve the error.
'
details:
type: array
description: Per-field validation errors. Present only on validation_error responses.
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDetail'
remediation:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: A human-readable next step to resolve this error. Present when a recovery is known.
next:
type: array
description: 'The steps that resolve this error. Perform them in order, re-reading after each; a `wait` or `terminal` step is always last. Present for errors with a well-defined recovery, such as unmet preconditions and conflicts.
'
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/NextAction'
InboundAttachmentList:
type: object
additionalProperties: false
description: The attachments on a received email. The response returns every attachment without pagination.
required:
- data
properties:
data:
type: array
description: Metadata for every attachment on the message. Empty when the message had no attachments.
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundAttachment'
InboundAttachmentID:
type: string
minLength: 1
pattern: ^rea_[0-9a-hjkmnp-tv-z]{26}$
example: rea_01krdgeqcxet5s7t44vh8rt9mg
InboundEmailMessageList:
allOf:
- type: object
required:
- data
properties:
data:
type: array
description: Page of received emails, newest first.
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundEmailMessage'
- $ref: '#/components/schemas/_ListEnvelope'
InboundAttachment:
type: object
additionalProperties: false
required:
- id
- filename
- content_type
- size
description: 'Metadata for a file attached to a received email. The raw bytes are fetched separately with `GET /v1/email/inbound-messages/{inbound_message_id}/attachments/{attachment_id}`.
'
properties:
id:
readOnly: true
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundAttachmentID'
description: Attachment ID, stable within the received message.
filename:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: Filename from the attachment's Content-Disposition, or `null` when the sender did not name the part.
example: invoice.pdf
content_type:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: MIME type parsed from the attachment part, or `null` when absent.
example: application/pdf
size:
type: integer
minimum: 0
description: Size of the attachment in bytes.
example: 215432
InboundEmailMessageBody:
type: object
additionalProperties: false
description: The parsed body of a received email.
required:
- html
- text
properties:
html:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: The HTML body of the message, or `null` when the message had no HTML part.
text:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: The plain-text body of the message, or `null` when the message had no text part.
_ListEnvelope:
type: object
required:
- next_cursor
- prev_cursor
- refresh_cursor
properties:
next_cursor:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: Cursor for the next page. Pass back as `starting_after` to advance forward. `null` when no next page exists.
example: eyJ2IjoxLCJzIjoiXCIyMDI2LTA1LTI1VDE0OjAzOjEwWlwiIiwiaSI6IjAxOTJmM2IxLTRjN2UtN2EyYi05ZDYxLThmM2E1YzJlN2I0MCJ9
prev_cursor:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: Cursor for the previous page. Pass back as `ending_before` to step backward. `null` when no previous page exists.
example: null
refresh_cursor:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: Refresh anchor, the first row of this response. Pass back as `ending_before` to fetch what precedes it in the current sort order. On a newest-first sort those are the items that have appeared since; on any other sort they are the items that sort earlier, so refreshing such a list means re-fetching it instead. Non-`null` whenever `data` is non-empty; `null` only on an empty page. Distinct from `prev_cursor`.
example: eyJ2IjoxLCJzIjoiXCIyMDI2LTA1LTI1VDE2OjQyOjAxWlwiIiwiaSI6IjAxOTJmM2IxLTllMDQtN2NkMy1iODE3LTJhNmY0ZDFjOGUwOSJ9
InboundEmailMessageID:
type: string
minLength: 1
pattern: ^rem_[0-9a-hjkmnp-tv-z]{26}$
example: rem_01krdgeqcxet5s7t44vh8rt9mg
ErrorDetail:
type: object
additionalProperties: false
required:
- param
- message
properties:
param:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: 'Dotted field path, such as `to[0].email`, `subject`, or `.`. When the request was rejected for a query parameter the endpoint does not declare, this carries that parameter''s name instead of a field path.
'
message:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: What is wrong with this field.
InboundEmailMessage:
type: object
additionalProperties: false
description: 'An email received on your behalf, parsed from the original message. Fetch the body with `/body`, the original MIME with `/raw`, and attachment bytes with `/attachments/{attachment_id}`.
'
required:
- id
- from
- to
- cc
- subject
- message_id
- in_reply_to
- thread_id
- authentication
- spf_pass
- dkim_pass
- dmarc_pass
- spam_score
- attachments
- received_at
properties:
id:
readOnly: true
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundEmailMessageID'
description: Received message ID.
from:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/EmailAddress'
description: Sender address parsed from the message.
to:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/EmailAddress'
description: Recipients on the message's To header.
cc:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/EmailAddress'
description: Recipients on the message's Cc header.
subject:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: Subject line as received, or `null` when the message had no subject.
example: 'Re: Your receipt'
message_id:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: RFC 5322 Message-ID header from the sender, or `null` when the sender did not include one.
example: <CAH+T8d5...@mail.gmail.com>
in_reply_to:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: The `In-Reply-To` header, which holds the Message-ID this message is replying to. `null` when the message is not a reply.
example: <previous-message@example.com>
references:
type: array
items:
type: string
description: The References header, which holds every Message-ID in this conversation, oldest first. Left out when the message arrived without one.
thread_id:
type:
- string
- 'null'
description: Conversation this message belongs to, or `null` when it is not grouped into one.
authentication:
type:
- string
- 'null'
enum:
- pass
- fail
- unknown
- null
description: 'DMARC result for the domain in the received message''s `From` header.
- `pass`: SPF or DKIM passed and aligned with that domain.
- `fail`: DMARC was evaluated and did not pass.
- `unknown`: no trustworthy verdict is available.
This follows `dmarc_pass` and does not verify a particular person. The receiving provider currently supplies no DMARC result, so received messages report `unknown`.
'
spf_pass:
type:
- boolean
- 'null'
description: Whether the receiving provider reports that SPF authorized the envelope sender for the sending server. A soft failure is `false`. Missing, neutral and inconclusive results are `null`.
dkim_pass:
type:
- boolean
- 'null'
description: Whether the receiving provider verified a DKIM signature. A passing signature makes this `true` even when another signature fails. Missing signatures and inconclusive verification results are `null`.
dmarc_pass:
type:
- boolean
- 'null'
description: Whether SPF or DKIM passed and aligned with the domain in the message's `From` header. The receiving provider currently supplies no DMARC result, so this is `null`.
spam_score:
type:
- number
- 'null'
description: Content spam score when available. The receiving provider currently supplies no score, so this is `null`.
attachments:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InboundAttachment'
description: Metadata for each attachment found on the message. Empty when the message had no attachments.
received_at:
type: string
minLength: 1
format: date-time
readOnly: true
description: When the message was received.
NextAction:
type: object
additionalProperties: false
required:
- kind
- description
properties:
kind:
type: string
minLength: 1
x-extensible-enum:
- operation
- external
- wait
- terminal
description: "What you do about this step.\n\n- `operation`: call the operation named in `operation`, then\n read again.\n- `external`: act somewhere this API does not reach, then read\n again.\n- `wait`: nothing is asked of you, so read again later.\n- `terminal`: nothing you do resolves this, so stop retrying.\n\nTolerate a value you do not recognize: show the `description` and\noffer no action.\n"
description:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: A short, human-readable label for the step, suitable for display.
operation:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: 'The operationId to call. Present only when `kind` is `operation`. The operation''s own schema says how to call it; this says only which one, and what to address it with.
'
params:
type: object
additionalProperties:
type: string
minLength: 1
description: 'The parameters that address the operation, by name: `{"sender_id": "…"}` for an operation on `/v1/sms/senders/{sender_id}/requirements`. A parameter the operation takes in its query string is given the same way, so an operation addressed as `?subject_id=` carries `{"subject_id": "…"}`. Every parameter the call needs is here, whether its value came from the thing you were acting on or is fixed for this step, so you can make the call from this object alone. Present only when `kind` is `operation` and the operation names a subject. A request body, when the operation takes one, is described by the operation''s own schema and never appears here.
'
url:
type: string
format: uri
description: 'A URL to open. Present only when `kind` is `external`, and only when the step has one. An external step whose `description` says to go and do something with no URL to open is normal.
'
InboundAddressID:
type: string
minLength: 1
pattern: ^ina_[0-9a-hjkmnp-tv-z]{26}$
example: ina_01krdgeqcxet5s7t44vh8rt9mg
Error:
type: object
additionalProperties: false
required:
- error
properties:
error:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorBody'
EmailAddress:
type: object
additionalProperties: false
description: An email address with an optional display name.
required:
- email
properties:
email:
type: string
format: email
minLength: 5
description: Email address.
example: jane@acme.com
name:
type: string
minLength: 1
maxLength: 256
pattern: ^[^\r\n]+$
description: Display name shown alongside the address in mail clients.
example: Jane Doe
responses:
InternalError:
description: Internal server error
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Error'
RateLimited:
description: Rate limit exceeded
headers:
RateLimit:
$ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit'
RateLimit-Policy:
$ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy'
Retry-After:
$ref: '#/components/headers/RetryAfter'
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Error'
Forbidden:
description: Insufficient permissions
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Error'
Unprocessable:
description: 'The request has invalid field values, violates a business rule, or carries a query parameter the endpoint does not declare. Field validation errors use `type: validation_error` and include the affected fields in `details`. Business-rule errors identify the failed rule in `type`.
'
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Error'
NotFound:
description: Resource not found
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Error'
Unauthorized:
description: Authentication required
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Error'
headers:
RetryAfter:
description: 'Number of seconds to wait before retrying the request.
'
schema:
type: integer
minimum: 0
example: 35
RateLimit:
description: 'Remaining capacity for the request''s rate-limit policy as an IETF Structured Field. Format: `"<policy>";r=<remaining>;t=<seconds_until_reset>`.
'
schema:
type: string
example: '"email_send";r=842;t=35'
RateLimit-Policy:
description: 'Effective quota for the request''s rate-limit policy as an IETF Structured Field. Format: `"<policy>";q=<quota>;w=<window_seconds>`.
'
schema:
type: string
example: '"email_send";q=1000;w=60'
parameters:
StartingAfter:
name: starting_after
in: query
required: false
description: Cursor from the `next_cursor` field of a previous list response. Returns items immediately after the cursor position in the current sort order.
schema:
type: string
EndingBefore:
name: ending_before
in: query
required: false
description: Cursor from the `prev_cursor` or `refresh_cursor` field of a previous list response. Returns items immediately before the cursor position in the current sort order. `prev_cursor` returns the preceding page. `refresh_cursor` anchors at the first row of that response, which on a newest-first sort is how to fetch the items that have appeared since.
schema:
type: string
PaginationLimit:
name: limit
in: query
required: false
description: Maximum number of items to return per page.
schema:
type: integer
minimum: 1
maximum: 100
default: 25
securitySchemes:
BearerAuth:
type: http
scheme: bearer
description: 'Pass the API key as a bearer token in the `Authorization` header. Keys use
the format `bk_{region}_*`. The prefix identifies the region and selects the
API endpoint. Official Bird SDKs and the CLI derive the region from the key.
'
CookieAuth:
type: apiKey
in: cookie
name: bird_session
description: 'Session cookie set after signing in to the Bird dashboard. The cookie
value is an opaque session token; no session data is stored in the cookie
itself.
'
RealtimeKey:
type: apiKey
in: header
name: X-Realtime-Key
description: 'The Realtime app key. Together with `X-Realtime-Secret`, it authenticates a
request to the Realtime API in addition to the workspace credential. Both
values come from the app''s credentials and must belong to the calling
workspace. Official Bird SDKs accept the pair as client configuration.
'
RealtimeSecret:
type: apiKey
in: header
name: X-Realtime-Secret
description: 'The Realtime app secret paired with `X-Realtime-Key`. The API returns the
secret only when the key is created and does not store it. Create a new key
and revoke the current key if you lose the secret. Official Bird SDKs accept
the pair as client configuration.
'